Iranian Journal of Epidemiology
مجله اپیدمیولوژی ایران
irje
Medical Sciences
http://irje.tums.ac.ir
1
admin
1735-7489
2228-7507
000
000
000
000
000
fa
jalali
1402
6
1
gregorian
2023
9
1
19
2
online
1
fulltext
fa
بررسی امید به زندگی و ارتباط آن با نگرش به سالمندی در گروه های مختلف سنی
Assessing the Hope of Life and its Relationship with Attitudes to Aging in Different Age Groups
عمومى
General
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:list -9.65pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه و اهداف:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با توجه به وجود شواهدی مبنی بر تأثیر نگرش به سالمندی بر کیفیت زندگی؛ مطالعه حاضر با هدف برسی امید به زندگی و ارتباط آن با نگرش به سالمندی در گروه­ های مختلف سنی در شهر قم انجام شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:list -9.65pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش کار:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مطالعه مقطعی حاضر در سال 1401-1400 بر روی </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">83 نفر از کودکان (15-8 سال) و 340 نفر از بزرگسالان (16سال به بالا) </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساکن جامعه </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در همه گروه ­های سنی </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">براساس طبقه بندی مرکز آمار ایران، با روش نمونه ­گیری تصادفی منظم و طبق درصد فراوانی هر گروه در سرشماری سال 1395، انجام شد. داده­ ها از طریق پرسشنامه اطلاعات جمعیت­ شناختی و مقیاس ­های نگرش به سالمندی کوگان و امید به زندگی اسنایدر جمع­ آوری و با استفاده از نرم­ افزار </span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="NL" style="font-size:10.0pt">SPSS-24</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و آزمون ­های همبستگی پیرسون، تی مستقل، آنوا و رگرسیون خطی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:list -9.65pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته­ ها:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">میانگین و انحراف معیار امید به زندگی و نگرش به سالمندی به­ ترتیب در گروه کودکان 5/81</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">±</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">25/97(6-36) و 21/65</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">±</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">137/38 (238-34) و در بین بزرگسالان 4/92</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">±</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">27/54 (32-8) و17/30</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">±</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">154/66 (238-34) بود. آزمون همبستگی پیرسون ارتباط معناداری را بین امید به زندگی و نگرش به سالمندی تنها در گروه­ های سنی 24-16 سال (0/220=</span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">r</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و 0/05 > </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و 44-25 سال (<i>0/273 = </i></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">r</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و 0/01></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نشان داد، اما این ارتباط در سایر گروه­ ها معنادار نبود (0/05<</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه­ گیری:</span></span></b> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هرچند که نگرش به سالمندی در تمام گروه ­های سنی ارتباط قوی و یا معناداری با امید به زندگی نداشت، ولی از آنجا که میزان امید به زندگی در </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">همه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> رده­ های سنی در حد متوسط بود؛ آموزش مثبت­ نگری و </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تبیین</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ویژگی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سالمندی</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و منزلت</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سالمند</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در جامعه</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می­ تواند احساس فرد را در ارتباط با زندگی آینده­ بهبود بخشد.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw="">Background and Objectives:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw=""> Considering the documented impact of attitudes towards aging on quality of life, this study aimed to explore hope in life and its association with attitudes towards aging across various age groups in Qom, Iran</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt">.</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Tw Cen MT",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw="">Methods:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw=""> This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2021-2022, included 83 children (8-15 years old) and 340 adults (16 years old and above) selected from different age groups based on the Statistical Center of Iran's classification. The systematic random sampling method was used, considering the frequency percentage of each group from the 2015 census. Data were collected through a demographic form, Kogan's Attitudes Toward Older People Scale (KAOPS), and Snyder's Hope questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-24, incorporating Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent sample t-tests, ANOVA, and linear regression.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw="">Results:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw=""> The mean and standard deviation of hope in life and attitude towards aging were 25.97±5.81 (ranging from 6 to 36) and 137.38±21.65 (ranging from 34 to 238) in the children's group, and 27.54±4.92 (ranging from 8 to 32) and 154.66±17.30 (ranging from 34 to 238) in the adults' group, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed a significant relationship between hope in life and attitude towards aging only in the age groups of 16-24 years (r=0.220, P<0.05) and 25-44 years (r=0.273, P<0.01), while this relationship was not significant in other groups (P>0.05)</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.5pt">.</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Tw Cen MT",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw="">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.5pt"><span cen="" mt="" style="font-family:" tw=""> Although the relationship between attitude towards aging and hope in life was not strong or significant across all age groups, given the average levels of hope in life across all age groups, promoting positivity and elucidating the positive attributes of aging and the importance of elderly individuals in society can enhance individuals' outlook towards their future life.</span></span></div>
نگرش به سالمندی, امید به زندگی, سالمند
Attitude to aging, Hope to life, Aged
88
97
http://irje.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2986-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Zahra
Aliakbarzadeh Arani
زهرا
علی اکبرزاده آرانی
zaliakbarzade@gmail.com