Volume 21, Issue 4 (Vol.21, No.4, Winter 2026)
irje 2026, 21(4): 270-284 |
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Sedghi F, Mohammadnabizadeh S, Najafi F, Mohammadi M. Investigation of Factors Associated with Anemia in Pregnant Women Referring to Comprehensive Health Service Centers in Northeastern Iran. irje 2026; 21 (4) :270-284
URL: http://irje.tums.ac.ir/article-1-7498-en.html
URL: http://irje.tums.ac.ir/article-1-7498-en.html
1- Ph.D in Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Ph.D in Health Education and Health Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2- Ph.D in Health Education and Health Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3- Assistant Professor of Epidemiology, Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4- Ph.D in Health Education and Health Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Associate Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ,MohamadiMR@mums.ac.ir
2- Ph.D in Health Education and Health Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3- Assistant Professor of Epidemiology, Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4- Ph.D in Health Education and Health Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Associate Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ,
Abstract: (27 Views)
Background and Objectives: Anemia is a major public health concern among pregnant women and is associated with adverse outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased maternal mortality. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending comprehensive health service centers in Sarakhs, Northeast Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, data from 904 pregnant women registered in the Sina system in 2023 were analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 11 g/dL, and logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between potential predictors and anemia.
Results: The mean age of participants was 27.2 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Sarakhs was 17.7% (95% CI: 15.2%–20.5%). In multivariable analysis, rural residence was associated with lower odds of anemia (OR = 0.58, P = 0.01), as was non-Sistani ethnicity compared with Sistani ethnicity (OR = 0.44, P = 0.003). A history of low birth weight (<2500 g) significantly increased the odds of anemia (OR = 7.14, P < 0.001). Compared with underweight mothers (BMI <18), those with normal weight, overweight, and obesity had 58%, 71%, and 78% lower odds of anemia, respectively (OR = 0.42, 0.29, and 0.22). Absence of kidney disease (OR = 0.22, P = 0.03) and iron supplementation before pregnancy (OR = 0.50, P = 0.05) were also protective. No other variables showed significant associations with anemia.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of ethnic and geographic factors in the prevention of anemia in pregnancy and underscore the need for targeted interventions, including thalassemia screening and strengthening preconception and antenatal iron supplementation programs, to reduce anemia and improve maternal and child health outcomes.
Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, data from 904 pregnant women registered in the Sina system in 2023 were analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 11 g/dL, and logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between potential predictors and anemia.
Results: The mean age of participants was 27.2 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Sarakhs was 17.7% (95% CI: 15.2%–20.5%). In multivariable analysis, rural residence was associated with lower odds of anemia (OR = 0.58, P = 0.01), as was non-Sistani ethnicity compared with Sistani ethnicity (OR = 0.44, P = 0.003). A history of low birth weight (<2500 g) significantly increased the odds of anemia (OR = 7.14, P < 0.001). Compared with underweight mothers (BMI <18), those with normal weight, overweight, and obesity had 58%, 71%, and 78% lower odds of anemia, respectively (OR = 0.42, 0.29, and 0.22). Absence of kidney disease (OR = 0.22, P = 0.03) and iron supplementation before pregnancy (OR = 0.50, P = 0.05) were also protective. No other variables showed significant associations with anemia.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of ethnic and geographic factors in the prevention of anemia in pregnancy and underscore the need for targeted interventions, including thalassemia screening and strengthening preconception and antenatal iron supplementation programs, to reduce anemia and improve maternal and child health outcomes.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Epidemiology
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